Capital: Tokyo

Population: 124.69 million (July 2021 est.)

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity): $5.225 trillion (2019 est., in 2017 dollars)

Currency: Japanese yen

Language: Japanese

 

UNESCO Student Mobility Number

Japan has 32,365 students studying abroad according to UNESCO.

 

CIA World Factbook:

22% of Japan’s population is under 24 years old.

 

OVERVIEW

During the 2021/22 academic year, Japan ranked as the eleventh largest source of students studying at higher education institutions in the United States. There were 13,449 Japanese students studying in the United States, a 14.1 percent increase from the 2020/21 school year.  Due to COVID-19-related travel restrictions, the 2020/21 academic year saw a 32.9 percent decline in Japanese students studying in the United States.[i] The 2021/22 recovery was slow, with fewer Japanese students studying in the United States than pre-pandemic levels.  Despite fewer numbers of Japanese students studying abroad, UNESCO’s data indicates that 43 percent of them still chose United States as their education destination. Following the United States as the top destination for Japanese study abroad are the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, and Canada.

From 1994-1998, Japan was the top country of origin for international students in the United States. Since then, Japan has steadily declined down to eleventh place due to various circumstances, including challenging economic conditions and a low birth rate.  According to the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the average yearly salary of a Japanese worker was $23,646 in 2021.  According to Japan Finance Corporation’s research, the average total cost of studying at Japanese universities for one year is JPY 2.3 million ($20,939).  Although the United States remains the most popular destination among Japanese students for study abroad, the cost difference between Japanese universities and American universities is considerably large and not many Japanese households can afford tuition and fees in the United States.  The U.S. Department of Commerce estimates that in 2021, Japanese students studying in the United States contributed $451 million to the U.S. economy.

Government of Japan Priorities and U.S. Embassy Support

The Government of Japan (GOJ) continues to focus on globalizing Japan’s education system. Since 2014, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) has provided funding support to the designated 37 “Top Global Universities” that are driving internationalization. For the list of schools, please refer to the Top Global University Japan’s link: https://tgu.mext.go.jp/en

In 2018, MEXT and the American Council on Education (ACE), in partnership with the U.S. Embassy and the Institute for Innovative Global Education (IIGE), launched the U.S.-Japan Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) initiative. This COIL initiative aims to increase global learning experiences through virtual classrooms and platforms where American and Japanese students can work together on subject-specific projects. The COIL method is considered a cost-effective and long-lasting solution in enhancing an international exchange experience and collaborating academically in a virtual environment, even in a post-pandemic environment.  Please refer to the ACE website for more details: https://www.acenet.edu/Programs-Services/Pages/Communities/US-Japan-COIL-Initiative.aspx

In 2021, Japan’s goal of “one device per one student” for compulsory education has been completed under the Global Innovation Gateway for All (GIGA) school project (approximately $2.2 billion project). The second phase of the GIGA project is specifically targeted at the development of a national ICT education infrastructure.  The main pillar of this phase is “cloud by default,” i.e., the establishment of high speed and large capacity IT network connections to each school. 

In conjunction with the next revision of textbooks in 2024, MEXT aims to implement “digital textbooks” at all elementary schools in Japan.  In addition, MEXT is looking to develop a “smart school scheme,” in which all academic and administrative data can be more effectively utilized to help students, teachers and parents enter into what is being called “Society 5.0.” 

GOJ accelerates Educational DX:  In January 2022, MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology); the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications; and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Digital Agency jointly announced a “roadmap” outlining how national and local governments will achieve digital transformation in Japanese education.  Under this concept, the GOJ aims to utilize students’ learning logs and journals to analyze and assess their knowledge and practical applications of what they have learned, improve teachers’ ICT skills, and reduce administrative work hours to complete the groundwork to create an ideal digital educational environment by 2025. 

In July 2022, the “Financial Support for Private Universities’ Reform” project was announced by MEXT.  It’s a national project in which the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Japan Private School Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation work together to evaluate, select, and support private universities actively working on school reforms.  The GOJ added a new item to the scorecard, digitization of education certificates.  Because this criterion has been added to the scorecard, CS Japan anticipates that colleges and universities will implement more digital administrative procedures and increase programs of study in the ICT/digital fields of study. Thus, there is expected to be an increase in interest of study abroad programs that have a technology- or science-focus (e.g., DX and decarbonization).

The TeamUp RoadMap is a web-based, step-by-step guide for creating partnerships in Japan.  The U.S. Embassy in Japan initiated the TeamUp campaign to increase student mobility by promoting strategic partnerships between American and Japanese colleges and universities.

SUB-SECTORS

Table 1: Students by academic level

Academic Level	2020/2021	2021/2022	% Total	% Change
Undergraduate	7,243	7,008	52.1	-3.2
Graduate Education	2,678	3,290	24.5	22.9
Non-degree	744	2,017	15.0	171.1
Optional Practical Training	1,120	1,134	8.4	1.3
Japanese students total	11,785	13,449	100	14.1

Higher Education

Table 2: Japanese Students in Community Colleges in U.S. 

Community College	2020/2021	2021/2022	% of Total	% Change
Japan	3,309	3,044	6.2	-8.0
World total	60,170	49,099	100	-12.5

(Source: The Institute of International Education (IIE), 2022 Open Doors Report)

During the 2021/22 academic year, Japan ranked as the eleventh largest source of students studying at studying at higher education institutions in the United States.  As for Japanese students studying at community colleges in the United States, Japan has moved up one place since last year and ranks third. 

Secondary Education

Secondary school-organized student trips (lasting 7-10 days) are a Japanese tradition. The educational travel sector has excellent market potential, as demand for overseas school trips will resume in the coming years. Short-term programs have served as teasers, boosting Japanese students’ interest in longer-term plans at U.S. universities/colleges.

The market for U.S. boarding schools is also a niche opportunity. A steady number of wealthy families can afford to pay boarding school tuition and prepare their children for further learning. The U.S. Commercial Service in Japan supports U.S. boarding schools through fairs with invited local agents and consultants. The U.S. Commercial Service in Japan recommends partnering with Japanese consultants/agents and participating in educational fairs to expand in Japan effectively.

Intensive English Programs

Japan is the number one ranked country of origin for students studying in Intensive English Programs in the United States. China, France, and Saudi Arabia follow Japan. During the 2022 academic year, 4,298 Japanese students participated in Intensive English Programs in the U.S., marking a 17.5 percent decrease from the previous year.

Professional Training Services

Although, improving English skills is critically important to Japan’s globalization efforts, the allocation of financial resources and incentives have not followed. Japan’s decade-long economic stagnation since the 1990s continues to strain organizational funding for professional training; Japanese firms have been cutting costs and funding fewer employees for executive education programs abroad.

OPPORTUNITIES

The GOJ promotes Japan’s globalization efforts, while supporting study abroad programs, human resource development, and people-to-people exchanges. There are opportunities for U.S. universities, particularly in short-term programming, for Japanese students.

It is essential to understand the English proficiency levels of Japanese students. U.S. institutions need to consider relaxed TOEFL score requirements and customize programs for Japanese students. The ability to offer conditional acceptances will be valuable in attracting students. It is also important to note that Japanese and American academic calendars do not align. Short-term (1-2 months study abroad) programs are the most popular in Japan because they make the best use of summer/spring breaks. There are opportunities for American education institutions to market attractive short-term programs to Japanese students, such as demonstrating direct benefits with future career successes gained from studying in the U.S. (e.g., internship and volunteering experiences for enhanced resume building).  Japanese universities and education agents can also seek immersion programs of English learning and cultural experiences in sports, music, and dance with U.S. institutions.

U.S. institutions need to customize their programming to meet the Japanese academic calendar which begins in April and ends in March the following year. Japanese students take exams that are given at the end of each grading period. There are typically three breaks in a Japanese academic year, which are the following:

Table 3: School Breaks 

	Summer break	Winter break	Spring break
Higher Education	late July - late Sep.	late Dec. -  early Jan.	Feb./March - early April
Secondary Education	late July -  late Aug.	late Dec. -  early Jan.	late March - early April

Japanese institutions also seek one-semester to one-year study exchange programs with partnering U.S. universities. Establishing partnerships with Japanese universities is an effective way of entering the Japanese market. Japanese universities continue to seek American universities for establishing bilateral student exchange programs. They recognize the challenges in maintaining balanced, two-way student numbers and are interested in discussing creative ways to foster these exchanges. 

Short-term (7-10 days) educational travel programs for high schoolers have great market potential. Many Japanese high schools want unique study abroad programs, such as STEM-related travel, including scientific field trips, sustainable development goal (SDG)-related topics, interaction with faculties/students, and businesses/lab visits. It is strongly recommended to customize the programming to meet a Japanese school’s needs (e.g., SDGs, STEM, art, entrepreneurial studies, robotics, music, sports, leadership). Additionally, it helps to prepare information on homestay availability, exchange programs with local U.S. schools, and any other special events that the U.S. host may provide.

DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGIES

In 2021, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication (MIC) released a survey report[ii] that LINE again ranked the most popular social media in Japan (92.5%), followed by Instagram (48.5%) and Twitter (46.2%). LINE originated from Japan and is widely used for messaging among friends/families. Instagram is one of the fastest-growing applications in Japan. Zoom is often applied in online classes, and Japanese students are familiar with its features. Digital advertising via video content has become more prevalent in Japan. YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok are popular for video streaming among young users. Facebook is popular among people in 20s – 50s and Japanese students routinely visit Facebook searching for educational information.

EVENTS

• EducationUSA Virtual Fair Japan in April, summer, and fall 2023: EducationUSA Japan is organizing several virtual fairs in 2023.  Depending on the Covid-19 situation in Japan, the EducationUSA Virtual Fair will be held as a hybrid fair.  For more information, please visit:  https://educationusa.state.gov/find-event

• Kanto Plain College Fair in fall 2023 (TBD): The fair is the premier private sector international college fair held in Japan.  The program consistently attracts more than 100 universities from around the world and mainly targets international school students.

• Western Japan College Fair in fall 2023 (TBD): The fair is organized by the Canadian Academy and Osaka International School of Kwansei Gakuin in fall 2023. The fair will feature about 100 Japanese and foreign universities, including American universities, and attract international school students and local high schoolers.

• The Association of Boarding Schools (TABS) “TABS Fair in Tokyo” in fall 2023: https://www.boardingschools.com/

• The Enrollment Management Association (EMA) “EMA Fair in Tokyo” in fall 2023: https://www.enrollment.org/

RESOURCES

• U.S. Commercial Service – Japan:  https://www.trade.gov/japan
• Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT): http://www.mext.go.jp/en/
• Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO): https://www.jasso.go.jp/en/
• JAFSA, Japan Network for International Education: https://www.jafsa.org/en/
• Fulbright Japan: https://www.fulbright.jp/eng/
• EducationUSA Tokyo: https://educationusa.state.gov/centers/educationusa-tokyo

U.S. COMMERCIAL SERVICE CONTACTS

Kazuko Tsurumachi, Commercial Assistant

U.S. Commercial Service - Tokyo,  Japan

Email:  Kazuko.Tsurumachi@trade.gov

Phone: +81 3 3224 5049

 

Tetsuko Fujioka, Commercial Assistant

U.S. Commercial Service - Osaka-Kobe, Japan

Email: Tetsuko.Fujioka@trade.gov

Phone: +81 6 6315 6078